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![my medical🩺🧑🎓 knowledge 📕✍️🩺 - KIDNEY STONES Definition Kidney stone is a hard crystal-like mass formed in the kidney due to accumulation of minerals and salts in urine Medical term: Renal calculi or Urolithiasis How Stones Form? Stone Urine becomes Crystals Crystals join Minerals like calcium; develops form together concentrated uric acid increase Types of Kidney Stones Risk Factors / Obesity Low water intake Calcium Stones 2 Uric Acid Stones (Most common -70-80%) High salt diet Seen in gout High protein diet Recurrent UTI High uric acid level Calcium oxalate history Family /Hot climate Calcium phosphate Signs & Symptoms 3. Struvite Stones Due to urinary tracts pain Renal Colic (Severe Pain) Pain radiates to groin Nausea & vomiting] Sudden severe flank pain Burning urination Frequent urination Blood in urine (Hematuria) Pain is described as very severe & colicky Diagnosis _ Complications Urinary obstruction Infection Kidney Ultrasound CT scan X-ray Blood test Hydronephrosis | Urine' damage examination (probe) KUB (uric acid) Management 2 Surgical Management (Large stones) Medical Management (Small stones < Smm) Increase fluid intake (3-4 iters/day) ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy) Ureteroscopy Pain relief (NSAIDs) , Alpha blockers Strain urine to check stone passage PCNL Nursing Management Stage Crowning: Monitor for hypertensive crisis during labor Assessment: Monitor' level pain ' Check urine output Easy Memory Trick Observe hematuria Monitor vital signs BP Increase Interventions Administer analgesics SALT Encourage fluid intake Sodium சL+Lacn Of erercise Educate about diet Alcohol Tensior Strain urine Prepare patient for procedures KIDNEY STONES Definition Kidney stone is a hard crystal-like mass formed in the kidney due to accumulation of minerals and salts in urine Medical term: Renal calculi or Urolithiasis How Stones Form? Stone Urine becomes Crystals Crystals join Minerals like calcium; develops form together concentrated uric acid increase Types of Kidney Stones Risk Factors / Obesity Low water intake Calcium Stones 2 Uric Acid Stones (Most common -70-80%) High salt diet Seen in gout High protein diet Recurrent UTI High uric acid level Calcium oxalate history Family /Hot climate Calcium phosphate Signs & Symptoms 3. Struvite Stones Due to urinary tracts pain Renal Colic (Severe Pain) Pain radiates to groin Nausea & vomiting] Sudden severe flank pain Burning urination Frequent urination Blood in urine (Hematuria) Pain is described as very severe & colicky Diagnosis _ Complications Urinary obstruction Infection Kidney Ultrasound CT scan X-ray Blood test Hydronephrosis | Urine' damage examination (probe) KUB (uric acid) Management 2 Surgical Management (Large stones) Medical Management (Small stones < Smm) Increase fluid intake (3-4 iters/day) ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy) Ureteroscopy Pain relief (NSAIDs) , Alpha blockers Strain urine to check stone passage PCNL Nursing Management Stage Crowning: Monitor for hypertensive crisis during labor Assessment: Monitor' level pain ' Check urine output Easy Memory Trick Observe hematuria Monitor vital signs BP Increase Interventions Administer analgesics SALT Encourage fluid intake Sodium சL+Lacn Of erercise Educate about diet Alcohol Tensior Strain urine Prepare patient for procedures - ShareChat](https://cdn4.sharechat.com/bd5223f_s1w/compressed_gm_40_img_601616_6f97923_1773838595559_sc.jpg?tenant=sc&referrer=pwa-sharechat-service&f=559_sc.jpg "my medical🩺🧑🎓 knowledge 📕✍️🩺 - KIDNEY STONES Definition Kidney stone is a hard crystal-like mass formed in the kidney due to accumulation of minerals and salts in urine Medical term: Renal calculi or Urolithiasis How Stones Form? Stone Urine becomes Crystals Crystals join Minerals like calcium; develops form together concentrated uric acid increase Types of Kidney Stones Risk Factors / Obesity Low water intake Calcium Stones 2 Uric Acid Stones (Most common -70-80%) High salt diet Seen in gout High protein diet Recurrent UTI High uric acid level Calcium oxalate history Family /Hot climate Calcium phosphate Signs & Symptoms 3. Struvite Stones Due to urinary tracts pain Renal Colic (Severe Pain) Pain radiates to groin Nausea & vomiting] Sudden severe flank pain Burning urination Frequent urination Blood in urine (Hematuria) Pain is described as very severe & colicky Diagnosis _ Complications Urinary obstruction Infection Kidney Ultrasound CT scan X-ray Blood test Hydronephrosis | Urine' damage examination (probe) KUB (uric acid) Management 2 Surgical Management (Large stones) Medical Management (Small stones < Smm) Increase fluid intake (3-4 iters/day) ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy) Ureteroscopy Pain relief (NSAIDs) , Alpha blockers Strain urine to check stone passage PCNL Nursing Management Stage Crowning: Monitor for hypertensive crisis during labor Assessment: Monitor' level pain ' Check urine output Easy Memory Trick Observe hematuria Monitor vital signs BP Increase Interventions Administer analgesics SALT Encourage fluid intake Sodium சL+Lacn Of erercise Educate about diet Alcohol Tensior Strain urine Prepare patient for procedures KIDNEY STONES Definition Kidney stone is a hard crystal-like mass formed in the kidney due to accumulation of minerals and salts in urine Medical term: Renal calculi or Urolithiasis How Stones Form? Stone Urine becomes Crystals Crystals join Minerals like calcium; develops form together concentrated uric acid increase Types of Kidney Stones Risk Factors / Obesity Low water intake Calcium Stones 2 Uric Acid Stones (Most common -70-80%) High salt diet Seen in gout High protein diet Recurrent UTI High uric acid level Calcium oxalate history Family /Hot climate Calcium phosphate Signs & Symptoms 3. Struvite Stones Due to urinary tracts pain Renal Colic (Severe Pain) Pain radiates to groin Nausea & vomiting] Sudden severe flank pain Burning urination Frequent urination Blood in urine (Hematuria) Pain is described as very severe & colicky Diagnosis _ Complications Urinary obstruction Infection Kidney Ultrasound CT scan X-ray Blood test Hydronephrosis | Urine' damage examination (probe) KUB (uric acid) Management 2 Surgical Management (Large stones) Medical Management (Small stones < Smm) Increase fluid intake (3-4 iters/day) ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy) Ureteroscopy Pain relief (NSAIDs) , Alpha blockers Strain urine to check stone passage PCNL Nursing Management Stage Crowning: Monitor for hypertensive crisis during labor Assessment: Monitor' level pain ' Check urine output Easy Memory Trick Observe hematuria Monitor vital signs BP Increase Interventions Administer analgesics SALT Encourage fluid intake Sodium சL+Lacn Of erercise Educate about diet Alcohol Tensior Strain urine Prepare patient for procedures - ShareChat")