India experienced its third-driest June in a century this year, with a 40% rainfall deficit compared to the average. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) cited four main reasons: the unfavorable position of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), the absence of low-pressure systems in the Bay of Bengal, active typhoons in the West Pacific, and the onset of El Niño. These factors delayed the monsoon and caused intense heatwaves. However, the IMD expects monsoon conditions to improve significantly starting in the first week of July.
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